{"id":2107,"date":"2024-03-19T15:19:00","date_gmt":"2024-03-19T14:19:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/?p=2107"},"modified":"2024-08-12T13:20:16","modified_gmt":"2024-08-12T12:20:16","slug":"how-to-install-kvm-on-centos-8-vps","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/server\/centos\/how-to-install-kvm-on-centos-8-vps\/","title":{"rendered":"How To Install KVM On CentOS 8 VPS?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-2108 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/How-can-i-install-KVM-on-Centos-8-using-Cockpit-300x147.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"553\" height=\"271\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/How-can-i-install-KVM-on-Centos-8-using-Cockpit-300x147.png 300w, https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/How-can-i-install-KVM-on-Centos-8-using-Cockpit-768x376.png 768w, https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/How-can-i-install-KVM-on-Centos-8-using-Cockpit.png 932w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 553px) 100vw, 553px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>In this article, we will describe the requirements of KVM Hypervisor, Features Of KVM Hypervisor, and the main reason for Install KVM On Linux VPS instead of other VM programs; Then have a fully comprehensive training about the\u00a0<strong>Installation Of KVM on Centos 8.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>About KVM<\/h2>\n<h3><span id=\"Right_Hypervisor_For_Your_IT_Needs_In_Linux\" class=\"ez-toc-section\"><\/span>Right Hypervisor For Your IT Needs In Linux<\/h3>\n<p>Kvm virtualizer is available as open-source and built-in Linux; That lets you turn Linux into a hypervisor, also called virtual KVM web server with the dedicated kernel; Allows you to run multiple Linux-based virtual environment guest servers simultaneously; KVM is developed by\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.redhat.com\/en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Red Hat Corporation<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>Why KVM?<\/h2>\n<p>According to Red Hat: KVM inherits the performance of Linux, scaling to match demand load if the number of guest machines and requests increases. KVM allows the most demanding application workloads to be virtualized and is the basis for many enterprise virtualization setups, such as data centers and private clouds.<\/p>\n<p>Also, the kernel-mode component of KVM is a part of the Linux kernel; So it will be more compatible with Linux in every way and can be highly secure.<\/p>\n<h3>Special Features Of KVM Hypervisor<\/h3>\n<p>KVM is installed on a Linux operating system or host server. But due to its special technology, it creates virtual servers with its kernel, and this allows you to\u00a0<strong>create a Simulator of the virtual server or any operating system<\/strong>\u00a0that you need,\u00a0<strong>such as<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>Windows, BSD, Kali Linux, Ubuntu Linux<\/strong>; Also install other operating systems and use it easily.<\/p>\n<p>Given that Linux provides dedicated resources to KVM; As a result, KVM offers high quality for the guest operating system compared to other virtualizers.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Allows the allocation of flexible storage and optimizes the available space for every guest virtual machine<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Hosts support up to 160 cores and 2 TB of RAM<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Guests support up to 64 vCPUs and 512 GB of RAM<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Self Service user portal<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>KVM Requirements<\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>KVM Main Requirements<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>1)\u00a0<\/strong>Verify support for Virtual Technology by the CPU:<\/p>\n<p>We have 2 different ways to know that\u00a0<strong>how to check if virtualization is enabled in Linux<\/strong>;<\/p>\n<p><strong>First Way<\/strong>: Using the\u00a0<strong>lscpu command shows CPU architecture information<\/strong>\u00a0on the server:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language- hljs language-undefined\">lscpu<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>The output of the first command will be as shown below:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-2109 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/verifying-the-CPU-virtualization-extension-2-300x196.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"522\" height=\"341\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/verifying-the-CPU-virtualization-extension-2-300x196.png 300w, https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/verifying-the-CPU-virtualization-extension-2.png 687w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 522px) 100vw, 522px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Second Way<\/strong>: If the output of the previous command does not show anything, you can use the following command instead of the previous command to make sure that VT technology is enabled:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language- hljs language-perl\">lscpu | <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">grep<\/span> Virtualization<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>The output of the first command will be as shown below:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2110 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/verifying-the-CPU-virtualization-extension-as-a-second-way-1-300x195.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"578\" height=\"376\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/verifying-the-CPU-virtualization-extension-as-a-second-way-1-300x195.png 300w, https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/verifying-the-CPU-virtualization-extension-as-a-second-way-1.png 691w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 578px) 100vw, 578px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Note<\/strong>: If the output ordered in the Virtualization Type section of your putty or command line is different from the output of the images you see; And also is written as\u00a0<strong>VT-x<\/strong>; This means that virtualization technology is enabled for you.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>2)<\/b>\u00a0Install Putty software and login to the VPS server:<\/p>\n<p>If you do not have experience in using Putty software, you can benefit from the article related to it; You can click on the:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/operavps.com\/docs\/connect-to-linux-server\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">How to connect to a Linux VPS using putty<\/a>\u00a0to start the installation.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Download Putty<\/strong>: By clicking on the following link:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.chiark.greenend.org.uk\/~sgtatham\/putty\/latest.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.chiark.greenend.org.uk\/~sgtatham\/putty\/latest.html<\/a>\u00a0you can download Putty Software.<\/p>\n<p><strong>KVM Server Requirements<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>CPU:<\/strong>\u00a03.4 GHz (2 cores)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Memory:<\/strong>\u00a02 GB<\/p>\n<p><strong>Storage:<\/strong>\u00a020 GB<\/p>\n<p><strong>Operating System:<\/strong>\u00a0CentOS 8.0<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Install KVM On CentOS 8 VPS<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"KVM-installation-step1\"><strong>1<\/strong>. let\u2019s start the installation of KVM on CentOS 8 by installing the\u00a0<strong>virt module<\/strong>:<\/div>\n<pre><code class=\"language- hljs language-nginx\"><span class=\"hljs-attribute\">dnf<\/span> install -y <span class=\"hljs-variable\">@virt<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-2111 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Virt-Module-installation-is-finished-300x195.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"629\" height=\"409\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Virt-Module-installation-is-finished-300x195.png 300w, https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Virt-Module-installation-is-finished.png 691w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 629px) 100vw, 629px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>After using the command, we will encounter a similar image look like above; That shows the virt module installation has been completed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u2014<\/strong>\u00a0 Now we need to install the\u00a0<strong>virt-install package<\/strong>; Which will provide us with some very useful command-line tools:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language- hljs language-nginx\"><span class=\"hljs-attribute\">dnf<\/span> install -y virt-install<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-2112 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/virt-installation-package-is-finished-1-300x194.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"541\" height=\"350\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/virt-installation-package-is-finished-1-300x194.png 300w, https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/virt-installation-package-is-finished-1.png 689w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 541px) 100vw, 541px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>As you can see, the virt-installation package has been installed successfully.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"KVM-installation-step2\"><strong>2<\/strong>. Here, we are going to Validate all the components on your KVM;<\/div>\n<p>This command validates that the host is configured in a suitable way to run libvirt hypervisor drivers:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language- hljs language-sas\">virt-host-<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">validate<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p>If you encounter a similar image and warning errors look like this:<\/p>\n<pre>WARN (Unknown if this platform has IOMMU support)\r\nQEMU: Checking for secure guest support :\r\nWARN (Unknown if this platform has Secure Guest support)<\/pre>\n<p>That means (<strong>i<\/strong>nput-<strong>o<\/strong>utput\u00a0<strong>m<\/strong>emory\u00a0<strong>m<\/strong>anagement\u00a0<strong>u<\/strong>nit) support and its components are\u00a0<strong>not yet enabled in the CentOS 8 Kernel<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"KVM-installation-step3\"><strong>3<\/strong>. We can use the below command to add and enable IOMMU In CentOS 8 kernel Command-Line:<\/div>\n<pre><code class=\"language- hljs language-powershell\">grub2<span class=\"hljs-literal\">-editenv<\/span> - <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">set<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"<span class=\"hljs-variable\">$<\/span>(grub2-editenv - list | grep kernelopts) intel_iommu=on\"<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-2113 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/enabling-IOMMU-In-CentOS-8-kernel-300x194.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"668\" height=\"432\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/enabling-IOMMU-In-CentOS-8-kernel-300x194.png 300w, https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/enabling-IOMMU-In-CentOS-8-kernel.png 689w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 668px) 100vw, 668px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>According to the image above; Indicates that the command used activates IOMMU automatically.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"KVM-installation-step4\"><strong>4<\/strong>. At this time, we need to restart CentOS 8 VPS to apply the changes made to enable IOMMU;<\/div>\n<p>Run the following command:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language- hljs language-nginx\"><span class=\"hljs-attribute\">systemctl<\/span> reboot<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u2014<\/strong>\u00a0After restarting, the next command that we will be needed again to use; Is\u00a0<strong>components validating command<\/strong>;<\/p>\n<p>now if you use it again, you will be able to have all the outputs on the\u00a0<strong>pass<\/strong>; Use the below command:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language- hljs language-sas\">virt-host-<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">validate<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<pre>[root@server ~]# virt-host-validate\r\nQEMU: Checking for hardware virtualization : PASS\r\nQEMU: Checking if device \/dev\/kvm exists : PASS\r\nQEMU: Checking if device \/dev\/kvm is accessible : PASS\r\nQEMU: Checking if device \/dev\/vhost-net exists : PASS\r\nQEMU: Checking if device \/dev\/net\/tun exists : PASS\r\nQEMU: Checking for cgroup 'memory' controller support : PASS\r\nQEMU: Checking for cgroup 'memory' controller mount-point : PASS\r\nQEMU: Checking for cgroup 'cpu' controller support : PASS\r\nQEMU: Checking for cgroup 'cpu' controller mount-point : PASS\r\nQEMU: Checking for cgroup 'cpuacct' controller support : PASS\r\nQEMU: Checking for cgroup 'cpuacct' controller mount-point : PASS\r\nQEMU: Checking for cgroup 'cpuset' controller support : PASS\r\nQEMU: Checking for cgroup 'cpuset' controller mount-point : PASS\r\nQEMU: Checking for cgroup 'devices' controller support : PASS\r\nQEMU: Checking for cgroup 'devices' controller mount-point : PASS\r\nQEMU: Checking for cgroup 'blkio' controller support : PASS\r\nQEMU: Checking for cgroup 'blkio' controller mount-point : PASS\r\nQEMU: Checking for device assignment IOMMU support : PASS\r\nQEMU: Checking if IOMMU is enabled by kernel : PASS<\/pre>\n<p>Here, as you can see; We installed\u00a0<strong>KVM<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0<strong>QEMU hypervisors<\/strong>\u00a0on CentOS 8 successfully.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"KVM-installation-step5\"><strong>5.<\/strong>\u00a0Instead of using KVM command-line tools, you can\u00a0<strong>use the CentOS 8 native web interface<\/strong>, Cockpit,\u00a0<strong>to manage machines and the virtualization environments through a graphical interface<\/strong>\u00a0for a simpler and easier virtualization experience;<\/div>\n<p>Use the below command to install Cockpit Web Console on CentOS 8:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language- hljs language-nginx\"><span class=\"hljs-attribute\">dnf<\/span> install -y cockpit<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-2114 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/installation-of-Cockpit-Web-Console-on-CentOS-8-is-finished-300x195.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"540\" height=\"351\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/installation-of-Cockpit-Web-Console-on-CentOS-8-is-finished-300x195.png 300w, https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/installation-of-Cockpit-Web-Console-on-CentOS-8-is-finished.png 686w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 540px) 100vw, 540px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>If you have the same output; Indicates that the installation of the cockpit web interface is complete.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"KVM-installation-step6\"><strong>6.<\/strong>\u00a0At the next step; We are going to install the cockpit-machines package, It will need to add support of managing virtual machines;<\/div>\n<p>We can use the below command:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language- hljs language-nginx\"><span class=\"hljs-attribute\">dnf<\/span> install -y cockpit-machines<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-2115 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/installation-of-cockpit-machines-package-on-CentOS-8-is-finished-300x195.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"522\" height=\"339\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/installation-of-cockpit-machines-package-on-CentOS-8-is-finished-300x195.png 300w, https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/installation-of-cockpit-machines-package-on-CentOS-8-is-finished.png 689w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 522px) 100vw, 522px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Nice, we can see that the installation of the cockpit-machines package is completed successfully; We are so close to the end\u2026<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u2014<\/strong>\u00a0We just need to enable and start Cockpit Unit to login to the Cockpit web Console;<\/p>\n<p>The below command can help us:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language- hljs language-vhdl\">systemctl enable <span class=\"hljs-comment\">--now cockpit.socket<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-2116 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/enabling-and-staring-cockpit-web-console-300x194.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"595\" height=\"385\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/enabling-and-staring-cockpit-web-console-300x194.png 300w, https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/enabling-and-staring-cockpit-web-console.png 688w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 595px) 100vw, 595px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Note<\/strong>: You can use the following address:\u00a0\u00a0<strong>IP-Server ADDRESS:9090<\/strong>\u00a0 in your browser, to access your Cockpit web Console.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Note<\/strong>: Cockpit service is allowed by default in CentOS 8 firewall; Also you need to Ignore the Security warning that will pop up after using the address in the browser and continue to the Cockpit web Console login page.<\/p>\n<p>As you can see in the image:<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u2014<\/strong>\u00a0Click on the advanced button and use the\u00a0<strong>Proceed to 185.17.40.179 (unsafe)<\/strong>\u00a0link, to login to the Cockpit web Console:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-2117 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Cockpit-web-Console-Security-error-on-browser-300x161.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"585\" height=\"314\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Cockpit-web-Console-Security-error-on-browser-300x161.png 300w, https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Cockpit-web-Console-Security-error-on-browser-768x412.png 768w, https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Cockpit-web-Console-Security-error-on-browser.png 848w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 585px) 100vw, 585px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><b>\u2014<\/b>\u00a0OK, now like at the below image; In the web console login screen, we are going to enter the system username and password:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-2118 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/CentOS-8-native-web-interface-Console-Login-page-300x192.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"584\" height=\"374\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/CentOS-8-native-web-interface-Console-Login-page-300x192.png 300w, https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/CentOS-8-native-web-interface-Console-Login-page-768x492.png 768w, https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/CentOS-8-native-web-interface-Console-Login-page.png 908w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 584px) 100vw, 584px\" \/><\/p>\n<div id=\"KVM-installation-step7\"><strong>7.<\/strong>\u00a0Final step: finally, we need to\u00a0<strong>Go into the Virtual Machines section of the Cockpit<\/strong>\u00a0web Console\u00a0<strong>from the left side of the Cockpit Web UI panel<\/strong>, to manage our KVM Virtual Machines;<\/div>\n<p>As you can see in the below image:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-2119 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/install-kvm-virtualizations-on-centos-8-cockpit-virtual-machines-300x139.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"542\" height=\"251\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/install-kvm-virtualizations-on-centos-8-cockpit-virtual-machines-300x139.png 300w, https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/install-kvm-virtualizations-on-centos-8-cockpit-virtual-machines-1024x474.png 1024w, https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/install-kvm-virtualizations-on-centos-8-cockpit-virtual-machines-768x355.png 768w, https:\/\/hoganhost.com.ng\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/install-kvm-virtualizations-on-centos-8-cockpit-virtual-machines.png 1366w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 542px) 100vw, 542px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Summary<\/h2>\n<p>You now learn that how to install and create KVM virtualization on Centos 8 using the Cockpit web Console; Also, get acquainted with the special features of KVM Hypervisor.<\/p>\n<p>If you encounter an error during installation, or have questions about KVM virtualization, or have any comments on this article, even have experience using KVM, you can contact us in the comments section below.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In this article, we will describe the requirements of KVM Hypervisor, Features Of KVM Hypervisor, and the main reason for [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2108,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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